ABSTRACT
Osteoarthrosis of the knee is one of the most important causes of disability around the world, being total knee arthroplasty (TKA) a cost-effective surgical procedure for treating its severe stage when all knee compartments are compromised. Despite the good functional results and good survival of the implants and of the patients, still, 15 to 20% of the patients are dissatisfied after surgery. One of the causes of dissatisfaction is persistent pain located in the anterior part of the knee, which leads to controversy over whether to perform the patellar replacement. Advantages and complications are described in both scenarios, and neither is superior to the other in pain and implant survival. In the case of TKA without patellar replacement, the position of the femoral component plays a crucial role in achieving normal patellar tracking. The current challenge is to determine those clinical and radiological variables that allow us to predict the absence of long-term anterior pain in patients who require TKA and who do not undergo patellar replacement. (AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Aged , Pain, Postoperative/complications , Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee/adverse effects , Osteoarthritis, Knee/surgery , Postoperative Complications , Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee/methodsABSTRACT
Objective: to evaluate a barium study of the upper gastrointestinal tract in early postoperative monitoring of bariatric surgery patients, recording the anatomical characteristics of the gastric remnant and the frequency of complications such as leakage of contrast and emptying difficulties. Materials and Methods: we retrospectively evaluated the barium study of the upper gastrointestinal tract performed in 168 patients after gastric bypass (GBP) and 98 patients after vertical subtotal gastrectomy (VSG). All evaluated examinations were performed in the first five days after surgery. Gastric remnant volume was registered in relation to the T12 vertebral body (only in GBP), the presence and site of contrast leakage and gastric remnant emptying difficulties. Results: the average age of patients undergoing GBP was 43 years, and 37 years for VSG. The average volume of gastric remnant of patients with GBP was 1.5 T12 vertebral bodies. Two GBP operated patients (1.2 percent) had leakage of the contrast medium at the level of the gastroenteric anastomosis; in VSG operated patients the contrast leakage occurred in 7 cases (7.1 percent), the most frequent site being the left side cephalic portion of the gastric remnant. All cases with contrast leakage were subsequently studied using computed tomography, finding the presence of wound dehiscence or fluid collections adjacent to the gastric remnant. Emptying difficulty was observed in 12 patients operated for GBP (7.1 percent); there was no record of this complication in patients undergoing VSG. Conclusion: the upper gastrointestinal barium study is useful in patients after bariatric surgery to assess the early postoperative anatomy and volume of the gastric remnant, as well as to detect possible complications. It is a simple test, which should be applied as a routine control in these patients.
Objetivo: evaluar el estudio baritado del tubo digestivo alto en el control postoperatorio precoz de pacientes operados de cirugía bariátrica, registrando las características anatómicas del remanente gástrico y la frecuencia de complicaciones como filtración del medio de contraste y dificultad al vaciamiento. Materiales y método: se evaluó retrospectivamente el estudio baritado del tubo digestivo alto realizado en 168 pacientes postoperados de bypass gástrico (BPG) y 98 pacientes postoperados de gastrectomía subtotal vertical (GSV). Todos los exámenes evaluados fueron realizados en los primeros cinco días postcirugía. Se registró volumen del remanente gástrico en relación al cuerpo vertebral T12 (sólo en BPG), presencia y sitio de filtración del medio de contraste y dificultad al vaciamiento del remanente gástrico. Resultados. La edad promedio de los pacientes sometidos a BPG fue de 43 años y GSV 37 años. El volumen promedio del remanente gástrico de los pacientes con BPG fue 1,5 cuerpos vertebrales T12. Dos pacientes operados de BPG (1,2 por ciento) presentaron filtración de medio de contraste a nivel de la anastomosis gastro-enteral; en los pacientes operados de GSV la filtración del medio de contraste ocurrió en 7 casos (7,1 por ciento), siendo el sitio más frecuente la porción cefálica lateral izquierda del remanente gástrico. Todos los casos de filtración de medio de contraste fueron posteriormente estudiados con tomografía computada, comprobándose la presencia de dehiscencia de la sutura o bien colecciones líquidas adyacentes al remanente gástrico. Se observó dificultad al vaciamiento en 12 pacientes operados de BPG (7,1 por ciento); no se registró esta complicación en los pacientes operados de GSV. Conclusión: el estudio baritado del tubo digestivo alto es útil en pacientes postoperados de cirugía bariátrica para conocer la anatomía y el volumen del remanente gástrico en el postoperatorio precoz, así como también para detectar posibles complicaciones...